FORMATION OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL VALUES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

• Людмила Гурнік

  Рівненський обласний інститут післядипломної педагогічної освіти

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of spiritual and moral values in preschool children. The views of Ukrainian and foreign scholars on the content of the concepts  “spirituality”, “values” were analyzed.

It was revealed that spiritual and moral values are connected with such formed humanistic qualities as love, respect, dignity, concern for others, empathy, mutual help, goodness, friendship, mutual support, tolerance, other human qualities etc. Values as a product of spiritual culture are formed and created in the course of the development of human civilization, so they are accepted and preserved in the common cultural tradition. Values act as a guideline for the activities that exist in the human mind. An indicator of prevailing values are actions and deeds, not the existing reality, and they can only be identified in action.

Educational process of the institution of preschool education is considered from the perspective of the implementation of pedagogy of supporting the young personality, which is based on a value attitude to the surrounding reality and to himself, which in turn leads to a new understanding of the role of the teacher in the educational process on the basis of subject-subjective interaction, which involves dialogue, common participation in the organization of the educational process, orientation to each child as a value-oriented, life-competent personality.

The purpose, tasks, forms of work with preschool children in the context of shaping spiritual and moral values were distinguished ; they were disclosed in the context of the implementation of concepts of upbringing  “Me and family”, “Me and nature”, “Me and country”.

The offered forms and methods of education correspond to the age and individual characteristics of preschool children, they are motivated at their humanization, take into account the personal life experience of the child of preschool age, increase their desire for active cooperation and are aimed at assimilation of spiritual values, norms and rules of moral behavior and interaction.

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