SCIENTIFIC, EDUCATIONAL, JOURNALISTIC ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINIAN WRITERS - MEMBERS OF ShSS IN LVIV (THE END OF thq 19th – THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY)

• Mарія Антонівна Багрій

  ПНУ ім. Василя Стефаника

• Галина Білавич

  SHEI "Prykarpattia National Vasyl Stefanyk University"

The second half of the XVIII century. in the history of Ukrainian pedagogical thought can be defined as a period of decline in education. The reason for this decline was the socio-political processes that unfolded then in Ukraine, and manifested itself in: Russia's steady focus on the loss of political autonomy of the Ukrainian state, which led to the destruction of the Hetmanate, Zaporozhian Sich and giving these lands the status of provinces of the Russian Empire; the spread of all-Russian serfdom to the former Ukrainian free peasants; abolition of traditional privileges and identity of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and its subordination to the Holy Synod and the Russian Tsar; closing of fraternal and public schools without their full-fledged replacement by other educational institutions; ban on the Ukrainian language, Ukrainian books, theater. As a result, the Ukrainian school, education, pedagogy, national upbringing, culture are declining, in education - the primacy of all-Russian educational guidelines, which were reflected in the nineteenth century.

In the late 1860s and early 1870s, Ukrainian national life intensified in Galicia, and the first Ukrainian institutions (Prosvita (1868) and the Shevchenko Literary Society in Lviv (1873) emerged, which later called for numerous public initiatives of Ukrainians, gave impetus to the creation of numerous educational, educational, youth, women's, professional societies.An important role in the development of the national revival of Ukrainians was played by the Shevchenko Scientific Society (NTSh), which in 1892. The article analyzes the activities of its philological section, describes the work in the field of science, education, publishing, and journalism of its individual representatives (O. Barvinsky, O. Ogonovsky, O. Partytsky, Y. Romanchuk, etc.) Their significance for the development of Ukrainian science is outlined, attention is focused on aspects of educational work, their creative achievements in the development of Ukrainian linguistics and literary studies, library work, founding are clarified. periodicals, promotion of the Ukrainian language and literature, dissemination of ideas of scientific education, etc. Ukrainian writers of the late XIX - early XX centuries. entered Ukrainian literature not only as authors of works of art studied by students in educational institutions of various types, but also as compilers of educational literature (primers, reading books, textbooks, dictionaries, textbooks on the history of literature, literary studies, linguistics), popularizers and researchers of Taras Shevchenko, Yuri Fedkovych and other writers, etc. Working in gymnasiums, Lviv University, they actively introduce Russian (Ukrainian) as the language of instruction, compile Ukrainian phonetic spelling. It is the writers through the use of the terms "people", "nation", "Ukraine", "state" and similar concepts accustomed dormant people to such vocabulary, contributed to the spread of the concepts "Ukrainian", "Ukrainians" instead of "Ruthenian", "Russian", raising to the level of national consciousness of the population of the region.

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