CHILD-CENTRISM OF EDUCATION IN THE CREATIVITY OF THE WRITERS OF TRANSCARPATHIA (20-30s of the 20th century)

• Tetіana Pantiuk

  Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0672-9663

• Alla Revt

  Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-6186

In the first half of the 20^th century child-centered education becomes one of the most important ideas that were decisive for most pedagogical directions at that time. Child-centrism entered the history of education as a pedagogical trend or a peculiar worldview regarding child education.

In the article, the authors analyzed and substantiated the issue of the content and essence of understanding the problem of childhood and child-centered education through the prism of the creativity of Transcarpathian writers and literati of the 20s and 30s of the 20^th century. The main ideas and content of child-centered education are analyzed. Their dependence on historical and political events, social circumstances, family traditions, material condition of the community and family, prevailing family values is determined.

The authors made an attempt to determine the conditions of the optimal model of education at that time, taking into account the principles of humanism, democracy, child-centrism, contrary to the social circumstances of the studied period, because the understanding of child-centrism contributes to a holistic vision of pedagogy in the context of history.

The study of the historical aspect of this scientific problem allows future researchers to understand the ambiguity of the pedagogical vision of child-centered education, the terms that were introduced into circulation by representatives of various pedagogical and literary currents, the meaning that was invested in this concept.

It is noted that the 20s - 30s of the 20^th century. became a period of intense spread of child-centered ideas in Ukraine and beyond. In the domestic educational space, this stage is characterized by the growing importance of social education, which is based on the ideas of reformist pedagogy. The article talks about the importance of tracing the historical vision of Transcarpathian writers on child-centrism pedagogy, which makes it possible to trace the development of the problem from the period of its formation and popularization to its decline and rebirth in modern Ukrainian education.

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